Which of the following species has both stolons and rhizomes?

• A. Bermudagrass
• B. Zoysiagrass
• C. Creeping Bentgrass
• D. Bermudagrass and Zoysiagrass

Answer: (D)

Stolons and rhizomes are horizontal stems that help turf spread, but they do so in different places: stolons run along the soil surface above ground, while rhizomes grow underground. Having both types allows a turfgrass to aggressively spread in two directions and quickly regenerate after damage. Bermudagrass does this, sending out above-ground runners (stolons) and underground runners (rhizomes) that root at nodes. Zoysiagrass also has both, contributing to its thick, resilient sod. Creeping Bentgrass mainly spreads by stolons and does not rely on underground rhizomes, so it doesn’t have both. Therefore, the species with both stolons and rhizomes are Bermudagrass and Zoysiagrass.